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In law, the sovereign is head of the executive, the commander-in-chief of the armed forces, & the temporal head of the Church of England. But all such powers must be exercised thru a minister responsible to the Parliament. *A "royal assent" is necessary before a parliamentary bill becomes a law. However, an assent has never been refused since 1707 & it is generally held that this prerogative is obsolete.
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Western Europe
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