“Those heroes that shed their blood and lost their lives. . . You are now lying in the soil of a friendly country. Therefore, rest in peace. There is no difference to us between the ‘Johnnies’ and the ‘Mehmets,’ where they lie side by side here in this country of ours. . . You, the mothers, who sent your sons from faraway countries, wipe away your tears; your sons are now lying in our bosom and are in peace. After having lost their lives on this land they have become our sons as well.” -- M. Kemal Ataturk On the Gallipoli Peninsula, the British and their Australian and New Zealand allies attempted to land an army that would later sweep north through Turkey and the Balkans to defeat Germany from the rear. The daring plan was the brainchild of the British First Lord of the Admiralty, Winston Churchill. But Churchill had not reckoned with the hostile geography of Gallipoli – the allied troops that landed there seized a narrow strip of beach that was bounded by high cliffs. From the tops of those heights, Turkish troops rained down deadly artillery and machine gun fire, pinning the invaders to their narrow strip and decimating them. Unable to seize the cliff tops above them, and losing huge numbers of men from the Turkish assaults, the invaders finally withdrew eight months later.

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