Pakistan , officially Islamic Republic of Pakistan, republic (1995 est. pop. 131,542,000), 310,403 sq mi (803,944 sq km), S Asia. Pakistan is bordered by India on the east, the Arabian Sea on the south, Iran on the southwest, and Afghanistan on the west and north; in the northeast is the disputed territory (with India) of Kashmir, of which the part claimed by Pakistan borders on China. Islamabad is the capital and Karachi is the largest city. Pakistan is composed of five provinces: Baluchistan, North-West Frontier Province, Punjab, ... (more)